Internet Security

Information security is usually described through three goals, known together as the CIA triad. Confidentiality means only authorized people can read the data. Integrity means the data has not been changed without permission, by accident or by attack. Availability means the system stays usable for the people who are allowed to use it, even when someone is trying to disrupt it -- for example with a flood of junk traffic that overwhelms a server.

Every attack in this path targets one or more of these three properties, so naming which one is under threat is usually the first step in deciding how to defend against it.